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More Smithsonian Searches     Who else has...     Kelly, James Edward,     Littell, Emlin T.,     Smythe, Douglas,     Raht, Edward E.,     Power, Maurice J.,     Conover, Warren H.,     National Art Foundry,     Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company,     Frederick & Field,     Badger Brothers,     History -- United States     History -- United States     Figure female -- Full length     Allegory -- Civic     Allegory -- Other     Allegory -- Place     Object -- Other     Portrait male -- Ramsay,     Occupation -- Military     Portrait male -- Washington, George     Occupation -- Political     Occupation -- Military     Portrait male -- Greene, Nathanael     Portrait male -- Edison, Thomas Alva     Occupation -- Science     Portrait male -- Knox, Henry     Portrait male -- Lafayette, Marquis de     Ethnic -- French     Occupation -- Other     Portrait male -- Lee, Charles     Portrait male -- Patterson,     Portrait male -- Poor, Enoch     Portrait male -- Scammell, Alexander     Portrait male -- Scott, Winfield     Portrait male -- Sterling,     Portrait male -- Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von     Portrait male -- Wayne, Anthony     Portrait male -- Woodford,     Portrait female -- Pitcher, Molly     Occupation -- Military     Occupation -- Political     Dress -- Uniform     Object -- Weapon     Object -- Weapon     Equestrian     Outdoor Sculpture -- New Jersey -- Freehold     Relief     Sculpture

Monmouth Battle Monument, (sculpture). Artist:  Kelly, James Edward, 1855-1933, sculptor. Littell, Emlin T., architect. Smythe, Douglas, architect. Raht, Edward E., architect. Power, Maurice J., 1838-1902, fabricator. Conover, Warren H., designer. National Art Foundry, founder. Henry-Bonnard Bronze Company, founder. Frederick & Field, fabricator. Badger Brothers, fabricator. Title:  Monmouth Battle Monument, (sculpture). Dates:  1883-1884. Dedicated Nov. 13, 1884. Liberty reinstalled May 1896. Rededicated Nov. 17, 1984. Digital Reference:  Medium:  Liberty: granite; Reliefs: bronze; Base: New England granite. Dimensions:  Overall: approx. H. 94 ft.; Each relief: approx. H. 5 ft. x W. 6 ft. Inscription:  (On reliefs: artist's signature) (Across bottom of reliefs, incised lettering:) (Relief one:) RAMSAY DEFENDING HIS GUNS/LT. COLONEL OSWALD LT. COLONEL RAMSAY/3rd REG. MARYLAND LINE (Relief two:) WASHINGTON RALLYING THE TROOPS (Relief three:) MOLLY PITCHER/TENNENT CHURCH/KNOX (Relief four:) COUNCIL OF WAR AT HOPEWELL/(illegible) SCOTT/STEUBEN LORD STERLING JUNE 24,1778. WASHINGTON WAYNE WOODFORD/POOR KNOX LAFAYETTE SCAMMELL PATTERSON GREENE LEE (Relief five:) WAYNES CHARGE/TENNENT PARSONAGE/LT. COL. HENRY (illegible)/M. J. POWER signed Description:  Liberty Triumphant stands dressed in a full-length flowing garment holding a wreath in her proper left hand and a sword in her proper right hand. She is mounted atop a tall circular column that tapers to a wider drum-shaped base encircled by five bronze bas-relief plaques depicting events associated with the Battle of Monmouth. The reliefs include: 1) Ramsay Defending His Guns, a battle scene showing Lt. Col. Ramsay lunging forward with his sword at a British soldier on a fallen horse, who bows backward with sword upraised; cannon and men behind; 2) Washington Rallying The Troops, a scene of General, in profile, riding a galloping horse with sword raised in proper right hand, facing a soldier with hat in proper left hand; 3) Molly Pitcher, shown in profile, loading a cannon with a plunger, as a gunner and a soldier stand nearby; 4) Council of War at Hopewell, including Lord Sterling, Knox, Scammell, Patterson, Steuben, Poor, Scott, Wayne, Greene, Woodford and Lee, gathering around a table as General Lafayette stands, pointing with proper right hand to a map spread out on a table and gesturing towards General Washington; 5) Wayne's Charge, an American Army Lt. Colonel on horseback in profile, show with an American soldier and British soldier fighting before him with rifles. The column is topped by a cornice decorated with flying eagles; and the column base is decorated with bronze coats-of-arms of the 13 original colonies, with laurel leaves strung between them. The entire memorial sits atop a tripod-shaped flared base. Subject:  History -- United States -- Revolution History -- United States -- Battle of Monmouth Figure female -- Full length Allegory -- Civic -- Liberty Allegory -- Other -- Triumph Allegory -- Place -- America Object -- Other -- Wreath Portrait male -- Ramsay, -- Full length Occupation -- Military -- Lieutenant Colonel Portrait male -- Washington, George -- Full length Occupation -- Political -- President Occupation -- Military -- General Portrait male -- Greene, Nathanael -- Full length Portrait male -- Edison, Thomas Alva -- Waist length Occupation -- Science -- Inventor Portrait male -- Knox, Henry -- Full length Portrait male -- Lafayette, Marquis de -- Full length Ethnic -- French Occupation -- Other -- Aristocrat Portrait male -- Lee, Charles -- Full length Portrait male -- Patterson, -- Full length Portrait male -- Poor, Enoch -- Full length Portrait male -- Scammell, Alexander Portrait male -- Scott, Winfield Portrait male -- Sterling, -- Full length Portrait male -- Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von Portrait male -- Wayne, Anthony Portrait male -- Woodford, Portrait female -- Pitcher, Molly -- Full length Occupation -- Military -- Soldier Occupation -- Political -- Statesman Dress -- Uniform -- Military Uniform Object -- Weapon -- Sword Object -- Weapon -- Cannon Equestrian Object Type:  Outdoor Sculpture -- New Jersey -- Freehold Relief Sculpture Owner:  Administered by Monmouth Battle Monument Association, Freehold, New Jersey Located Court Street & Monument Place, Freehold, New Jersey Remarks:  The designs and specifications for the memorial were secured from Emlin T. Littell and Douglas Smythe, architects, and James Edward Kelly, sculptor, who designed and modeled the five historical bas-reliefs. The sculpture cost approximately $40,000 and commemorates the Battle of Monmouth, which took place June 28, 1778 near what is now Freehold, New Jersey. Funds for the sculpture were raised by the Monmouth Battle Monument Association. Citizens of Monmouth, the State of New Jersey, and those who had ancestors who fought in the battle contributed $10,000. The state legislature added $10,000 to this amount and Congress contributed a final $20,000. The construction contract was awarded to Maurice J. Power for the sum of $36,000. Heirs of the late Daniel S. Schanck gave the plot of ground on which the sculpture was installed. The cornerstone for the sculpture was laid on the centennial of the Battle of Monmouth. The completed sculpture was dedicated six years later on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the town of Freehold, November 13, 1884. Inventor Thomas Edison, a friend of the artist, was a model for the gunner in the Molly Pitcher relief panel. The original figure that topped the column, known as Liberty Triumphant or Columbia Triumphant, was provided by Frederick and Field of Quincy, Massachusetts, carver unknown. In August 1894, the figure was shattered by lightning. A replacement figure from Badger Brothers, also of Quincy, was mounted atop the column in May 1896. The original figure was sent to Badger Brothers in 1895 as a basis for the execution of the replacement, and was lost upon its return. It resurfaced in the yard of a private citizen in the 1960s, and was reacquired by Monmouth County in early 2000. The bronze relief panels were polished in 1974. The sculpture was rededicated on the centennial of the first dedication and the bicentennial of the town of Freehold, Nov. 17, 1984. IAS files contain excerpts from Robert F. Van Benthuysen and Audrey Kent Wilson's "Monmouth County: A Pictorial History," 1983, "The Art and Sculpture of James E. Kelly," by Robert Bruce (New York, 1934) and "Public Sculpture in New Jersey," by Meredith Bzdak (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1999). IAS files also contain articles from the Asbury Park Press, March 12, 2000; News Transcript, Nov. 21, 1984, pg. 57; Register Oct. 3, 1974; Freehold Transcript, May 20, 1965, pg. 6; New York Times, Nov. 13, 1884, pertinent correspondence and centennial brochure. Related newspaper articles are housed in the vertical files of the Monmouth County Historical Society. The monument has been designated as a National Historic Landmark. References:  Monmouth County Historic Commission, 2000, 2001. Save Outdoor Sculpture, New Jersey survey, 1995. National Park Service, American Monuments and Outdoor Sculpture Database, NJ0028, 1989. Monumental News, Dec. 1905, pg. 816. Illustration:  Image on file. Note:  The information provided about this artwork was compiled as part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database, designed to provide descriptive and location information on artworks by American artists in public and private collections worldwide. Repository:  Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture, Smithsonian American Art Museum, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 970, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Control Number:  IAS NJ000453   Copy/Holding information Smithsonian AmericanArt Museum Control Number   Inventory of American Sculpture NJ000453 Add Copy to MyList Format: HTMLPlain textDelimited Subject:   Email to:

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