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    		• Calder, Alexander Stirling,
     
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    		• Portrait male -- Caldwell, James
     
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    		• Dress -- Historic
     
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    		• Occupation -- Religion
     
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    		• Outdoor Sculpture -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia
     
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    		• Sculpture
     
     
    Witherspoon Building Figures: James Caldwell, (sculpture).
    Artist: 
    Calder, Alexander Stirling, 1870-1945, sculptor.
    Title: 
    Witherspoon Building Figures: James Caldwell, (sculpture).
    Other Titles: 
    James Caldwell, (sculpture).
    Dates: 
    1898-1899. Relocated 1961.
    Digital Reference: 
    Image
    Medium: 
    Sculpture: cast stone; Base: cast stone.
    Dimensions: 
    Sculpture: approx. H. 108 in.; Base: approx. H. 7 in. W. 34 in.
    Inscription: 
    unsigned
    Description: 
    One of six figures of prominent Presbyterians which are installed in two groups of three along the wall of the building's courtyard. Portrait of James Caldwell dressed in a full-length cape and a three-cornered hat. He stands with proper right leg slightly forward. His proper left arm is covered by his cape and is bent up to his chest. With his proper left hand he holds a book and grasps the edge of his cape, pulling the front portion of the cape up to his chest. His proper right hand rests on the handle of a sword visible beneath the proper right edge of his cape. His proper right arm is partially covered by his cape and as he reaches out he reveals his proper left leg and the sword. He faces forward and stares out into the distance. Constructed of four hollow, cast-stone segments joined by a 1/2-3/4 inch thick layer of mortar, the figure of James Caldwell rests on a low, square-shaped, cast stone base.
    Subject: 
    Portrait male -- Caldwell, James -- Full length
    Dress -- Historic -- Eighteenth Century Dress
    Occupation -- Religion -- Clergy
    Object Type: 
    Outdoor Sculpture -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia
    Sculpture
    Owner: 
    Presbyterian Historical Society, 425 Lombard Street, Courtyard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19147
    Provenance: 
    Formerly located Witherspoon Building, Broad & Juniper streets, Walnut Street facade, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ca. 1899-1961.
    Remarks: 
    One of twelve large statues of significant American Presbyterian personalities which were installed on the seventh floor Walnut Street facade of the Witherspoon Building at Juniper and Walnut Streets from ca. 1899 until 1961. The Witherspoon Building, designed by architect Joseph M. Huston in 1896 was home to the Presbyterian Historical Society from 1898 to 1967. In later years, the large figures were considered a threat to the safety of pedestrians on the sidewalk below. In 1961, six of the sculptures were removed and stored pending the construction of the Presbyterian Historical Society's new building on Lombard Street. The relocation was funded under the city's one percent fine arts program. The six relocated figures are: Francis Makemie (IAS 76007256); John Witherspoon (IAS 88320050); John McMillan (IAS 88320051); Samuel Davies (IAS 88320052); James Caldwell (IAS 88320053); and Marcus Whitman (IAS 88320054). IAS files contain an excerpt from a Presbyterian Historical Society brochure which describes the six statues now located in the Society's courtyard.
    James Caldwell (1734-1781) was appointed chaplain of the Dayton's New Jersey regiment in 1776. He served in the Revolution along with forty members of his Elizabeth, New Jersey congregation who were commissioned officers.
    A bronze plaque on the alcove wall adjacent to the statues on the west side reads: STATUES/LEFT TO RIGHT/FRANCIS MAKEMIE/C1658-1706/JOHN WITHERSPOON/1723-1794/JOHN MCMILLAN/1752-1833. A bronze plaque on the alcove wall adjacent to the statues on the east side reads: STATUES/LEFT TO RIGHT/SAMUEL DAVIES/1723-1761/JAMES CALDWELL/1734-1781/MARCUS WHITMAN/1802-1847
    References: 
    Index of American Sculpture, University of Delaware 1985.
    Fairmount Park Art Assoc., "Sculpture of a City: Philadelphia's Treasures in Bronze & Stone," NY: Walker Publ., 1974, pg. 209.
    Save Outdoor Sculpture, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia survey, 1993.
    Illustration: 
    Image on file.
    Fairmount Park Art Assoc., "Sculpture of a City: Philadelphia's Treasures in Bronze & Stone," NY: Walker Publ., 1974, pg. 209.
    Note: 
    The information provided about this artwork was compiled as part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database, designed to provide descriptive and location information on artworks by American artists in public and private collections worldwide.
    Repository: 
    Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture, Smithsonian American Art Museum, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 970, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012
    Control Number: 
    IAS 88320053
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    Smithsonian AmericanArt MuseumControl Number 
    Inventory of American Sculpture88320053Add Copy to MyList

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