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More Smithsonian Searches     Who else has...     Amateis, Edmond,     Portrait male -- Heine, Jacob von     Portrait male -- Medin, Oskar     Portrait male -- Wickman, Ivar     Portrait male -- Landsteiner, Karl     Portrait male -- Rivers, Thomas M.     Portrait male -- Armstrong, Charles     Portrait male -- Paul, John R.     Portrait male -- Sabin, Albert B.     Portrait male -- Francis, Thomas Jr.     Portrait male -- Melnick, Joseph L.     Portrait female -- Morgan, Isabel     Portrait male -- Howe, Howard A.     Portrait male -- Bodian, David     Portrait male -- Enders, John F.     Portrait male -- Salk, Jonas E.     Portrait male -- Roosevelt, Franklin D.     Portrait male -- O'Connor, Basil     Occupation -- Science     Occupation -- Science     Occupation -- Writer     Occupation -- Medicine     Occupation -- Law     Occupation -- Political     Ethnic -- Swedish     Ethnic -- Austrian     State of Being -- Illness     Allegory -- Arts & Sciences     Allegory -- Arts & Sciences     Allegory -- Arts & Sciences     Outdoor Sculpture -- Georgia -- Warm Springs     Sculpture

The Battle Fought - The Victory Won, (sculpture). Artist:  Amateis, Edmond, 1897-1981, sculptor. Title:  The Battle Fought - The Victory Won, (sculpture). Other Titles:  Polio Hall of Fame, (sculpture). Dates:  Dedicated Jan. 2, 1958. Digital Reference:  Medium:  Sculpture: bronze; Wall: Stone. Dimensions:  Sculpture: approx. 5 ft. 8 in. x 20 ft. x 1 ft. 6 in.; Wall: approx. H. 11 ft. 8 in. x W. 20 ft. Inscription:  (On lower right corner of wall, incised lettering:) THE BATTLE FOUGHT/THE VICTORY WON unsigned Description:  A large wall adorned with bronze portrait busts of seventeen people prominent in the history of the fight against polio. The people depicted are, from right to left, Jacob von Heine, Oskar Medin, Ivar Wickman, Karl Landsteiner, Thomas M. Rivers, Charles Armstrong, John R. Paul, Albert B. Sabin, Thomas Francis, Jr., Joseph L. Melnick, Isabel Morgan, Howard A. Howe, David Bodian, John F. Enders, Jonas E. Salk, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Basil O'Connor. The busts are attached to posts that protrude from a wall that is composed of 33 x 33 inch blocks. Subject:  Portrait male -- Heine, Jacob von -- Bust Portrait male -- Medin, Oskar -- Bust Portrait male -- Wickman, Ivar -- Bust Portrait male -- Landsteiner, Karl -- Bust Portrait male -- Rivers, Thomas M. -- Bust Portrait male -- Armstrong, Charles -- Bust Portrait male -- Paul, John R. -- Bust Portrait male -- Sabin, Albert B. -- Bust Portrait male -- Francis, Thomas Jr. -- Bust Portrait male -- Melnick, Joseph L. -- Bust Portrait female -- Morgan, Isabel -- Bust Portrait male -- Howe, Howard A. -- Bust Portrait male -- Bodian, David -- Bust Portrait male -- Enders, John F. -- Bust Portrait male -- Salk, Jonas E. -- Bust Portrait male -- Roosevelt, Franklin D. -- Bust Portrait male -- O'Connor, Basil -- Bust Occupation -- Science -- Scientist Occupation -- Science -- Inventor Occupation -- Writer -- Author Occupation -- Medicine -- Doctor Occupation -- Law -- Lawyer Occupation -- Political -- President Ethnic -- Swedish Ethnic -- Austrian State of Being -- Illness -- Polio Allegory -- Arts & Sciences -- Science Allegory -- Arts & Sciences -- Medicine Allegory -- Arts & Sciences -- Technology Object Type:  Outdoor Sculpture -- Georgia -- Warm Springs Sculpture Owner:  Administered by State of Georgia, Department of Human Resources, Division of Rehabilitation Services, P. O. Box 1000, Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, Warm Springs, Georgia 31830 Located Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, Founders Hall, Warm Springs, Georgia Remarks:  The sculpture honor fifteen scientists whose work spanned two continents over a period of more than a century, and two famous laymen who organized the polio fight. Jacob von Heine first described polio clearly, in a book published in Germany in 1840. Oskar Medin, a Swedish scientist, first recognized polio as an acute infection in 1890. Another Swede, Ivar Wickman, was a pioneer in the study of the epidemic. Viennese physician Karl Landsteiner demonstrated in 1909 that polio could be transmitted to the monkey. Thomas M. Rivers, Dean of American virologists and chairman of the National Foundation committee, planned the successful 1954 vaccine field trials. Public Health Service physician, Charles Armstrong, discovered in 1939 that certain strains of polio virus could be transmitted to cotton rats. Yale University virologist John R. Paul was the first virus research grantee of the National Foundation in 1938. Albert B. Sabin, a Cincinnati University scientist, led the search for a live virus vaccine for polio. Thomas Francis Jr., University of Michigan epidemiologist, directed the 1954-55 evaluation which demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the Salk vaccine. Yale University scientist, Joseph L. Melnick, led studies of polio in many parts of the world that helped to clarify the development of immunity. Three Johns Hopkins University scientists are represented. Isabel Morgan prepared an experimental vaccine that protected monkeys against paralytic polio. Howard A. Howe was the first to show that apes can acquire polio infection by mouth and carried out small-scale experiments in human beings of a polio vaccine. Studies by David Bodian showed that the virus gets into the blood stream before reaching the central nervous system and therefore could be blocked by antibodies in the blood. John F. Enders, a scientist at Children's Medical Center, Boston, led the way in finding how to grow polio viruses in a test tube, a big step toward production of a vaccine in quantity. He and his associates received a Nobel Prize for their work in 1955. Jonas E. Salk, University of Pittsburgh scientist, developed the vaccine which bears his name. Franklin D. Roosevelt rose to be president of the United States despite his severe disability caused by paralytic polio. He founded the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation in 1927 and the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis in 1938. New York lawyer, Basil O'Connor, served as president of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis from its inception and president of the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation since 1945. The sculpture was dedicated on January 2, 1958, at ceremonies marking the 20th anniversary of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which has sponsored polio research since 1938. IAS files contain a photocopy of a brochure from the Georgia Warm Springs Foundation. References:  Save Outdoor Sculpture, Georgia survey, 1993. Illustration:  Image on file. Note:  The information provided about this artwork was compiled as part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database, designed to provide descriptive and location information on artworks by American artists in public and private collections worldwide. Repository:  Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture, Smithsonian American Art Museum, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 970, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012 Control Number:  IAS GA000448   Copy/Holding information Smithsonian AmericanArt Museum Control Number   Inventory of American Sculpture GA000448 Add Copy to MyList Format: HTMLPlain textDelimited Subject:   Email to:

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