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  •  
    		• Saint-Gaudens, Augustus,
     
  •  
    		• White, Stanford,
     
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    		• Portrait male -- Garfield, James A.
     
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    		• Occupation -- Political
     
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    		• Allegory -- Civic
     
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    		• Object -- Weapon
     
  •  
    		• Dress -- Accessory
     
  •  
    		• Animal -- Bird
     
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    		• Outdoor Sculpture -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia
     
  •  
    		• Sculpture
     
     
    Bust of James Garfield, (sculpture).
    Artist: 
    Saint-Gaudens, Augustus, 1848-1907, sculptor.
    White, Stanford, 1853-1906, architect.
    Title: 
    Bust of James Garfield, (sculpture).
    Other Titles: 
    James A. Garfield Monument, (sculpture).
    Dates: 
    Commissioned 1885. Cast 1895. Dedicated May 30, 1896.
    Digital Reference: 
    Image Image Image
    Medium: 
    Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite.
    Dimensions: 
    Bust approx. H. 42 1/2 in.; Base of bust: approx. H. 12 in.; Pedestal base: approx. H. 180 in.; Figure of Republic: approx. 94 in.
    Inscription: 
    A. ST GAUDENS '95 (?) / Cast by the Henry-Bonnard Bronze Co.,/NY 1895 (Front of shield held by figure of Republic:) E PLVRIBVS/VNVM/JAMES ABRAM/GARFIELD/PRESIDENT OF THE/VNITED STATES/MDCCC/LXXXI (Base, above Republic's head:) MDCCCXXXI/MDCCCLXXXI (Base, below bust:) MDCCCXCB (Fairmount Park Art Association plaque appears on the lower front of the base.) signed Founder's mark appears.
    Description: 
    Bronze bust of President James Garfield with a beard and moustache rests atop a tall pedestal base adorned on the front with an loosely-draped, allegorical female figure representing the Republic. She stands in a slender niche framed by two of the four fluted columns with Ionic capitals that appear at each corner of the tall pedestal base. The figure of Republic holds up a sword with her proper right hand and rests her proper left hand on a large oval shield which is positioned in front of her. The shield is adorned with a relief of an eagle and an inscription below. Above her head is a small laurel wreath.
    Subject: 
    Portrait male -- Garfield, James A. -- Bust
    Occupation -- Political -- President
    Allegory -- Civic -- Republic
    Object -- Weapon -- Sword
    Dress -- Accessory -- Shield
    Animal -- Bird -- Eagle
    Object Type: 
    Outdoor Sculpture -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia
    Sculpture
    Owner: 
    Administered by City of Philadelphia, Fairmount Park Commission, Memorial Hall, West Park, P. O. Box 21601, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131
    Located Fairmount Park East side of park, Kelly Drive below Girard Avenue Bridge, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Remarks: 
    A fund for this monument to James A. Garfield, twentieth President of the U.S. was begun in October 1889 soon after he was assassinated. By 1885, $15,000 had been collected and a committee from the Fairmount Park Art Association recommended Saint-Gaudens for the commission. Although the sculptor agreed, a formal contract was not signed until February 1889. In June of 1893, the artist contacted the committee to advise them that he wanted to change his plans for the memorial, and despite some reservations in December 1893 a new contract was signed and an additional $5,000 was added to the commission.
    Saint-Gaudens again clashed with the committee over the his choice of words to appear in the inscription on the shield. Saint-Gaudens had made the shield so large because he had intended a longer inscription, but the committee did not agree to the words and a shorter inscription was substituted. The Fairmount Park Art Association publication, "Sculpture of a City," describes the evolution of the inscription and notes that Saint-Gaudens was so angered over this that he did not sign the piece. The SOS! volunteer was, however, able to find a signature. Saint-Gaudens most likely modeled the bust of Garfield from the president's death mask. His model, Davida Clark, most likely posed for the figure of Republic. Stanford White was the architect for the base.
    References: 
    Index of American Sculpture, University of Delaware, 1985
    City of Philadelphia, 1973.
    National Park Service, American Monuments and Outdoor Sculpture Database, PA0134, 1989.
    Monumental News, Dec. 1895, pg. 748.
    Fairmount Park Art Assoc., "Sculpture of a City: Philadelphia's Treasures in Bronze & Stone," NY: Walker Publ., 1974, pg. 180-187.
    Bach, Penny Balkin, "Public Art in Philadelphia," Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1992, pg. 207.
    Save Outdoor Sculpture, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia survey, 1993.
    Illustration: 
    Image on file.
    Fairmount Park Art Assoc., "Sculpture of a City: Philadelphia's Treasures in Bronze & Stone," NY: Walker Publ., 1974, pg 180-187.
    Note: 
    The information provided about this artwork was compiled as part of the Smithsonian American Art Museum's Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture database, designed to provide descriptive and location information on artworks by American artists in public and private collections worldwide.
    Repository: 
    Inventories of American Painting and Sculpture, Smithsonian American Art Museum, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 970, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012
    Control Number: 
    IAS 75009283
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    Smithsonian AmericanArt MuseumControl Number 
    Inventory of American Sculpture75009283Add Copy to MyList

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